Emperor Henry GERMANY, V

   Other names for Henry were Heinrich, GERMANY King and HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE Emperor.

   Ancestral File Number: 9FTJ-CV.

   General Notes:

King of GERMANY Reigned 6 Jan 1099- 23 May 1125, HOLY ROMAN Emperor Crowned 13 Apr 1111- 23 May 1125.

BOOKS
The Political History of England, Vol II, George Burton Adams Longmans Green and Co, 1905, p154:
"It was during the same stay in England that an opportunity was offered to Henry to form an alliance on the continent which promised him great advantages in case of an open conflict with the king of France. At Henry's Whitsuntide court, in 1109, appeared an embassy from Henry V of Germany, to ask for the hand of his daughter, then less than eight years old. This request Henry would not be slow to grant. Conflicting policies would never be likely to disturb such an alliance, andthe probable interest which the sovereign of Germany would have in common with himself in limiting the expansion of France, or even in detaching lands from her allegiance, would make the alliance seem of good promise for the future. On the part of Henry of Germany, such a proposal must have come from policy alone, but the advantage which he hope to gain from it is not so easy to discover as in the case of Henry of England. If he entertained any idea of a common policy against France, this was soon dropped, and his purpose must in all probability be sought in plans within the empire. Henry's recesnt accession to the throne of Germany had been followed by a change of policy. During the later years of his unfortunate father,whose stormy reign had closed in the triumph of the two enemies whom he had been obliged to face at once, the Church of Gregory VII, contending with the empire for equality and even for supremacy, and the princes of Germany, grasping in theirlocal dominions the rights of sovereignty, the ambitious prince had fought against the king, his father. But when he had at last become king himself, his point of view was changed. The conflict in which his father had failed he was ready to renew with vigour and with hope of success. That he should have believed, as he evidently did, that a marriage with the young English princess was the most useful one he could make in this crisis of his affairs is interesting evidence, not merelyof the world's opinion of Henry I, but also of the rank of the English monarchy among the states of Europe."
p174: [1124] "Henry probably had little difficulty in moving his son- in-law, the emperor Henry V, to attack Louis of France. Besides the general reason which would influence him, of willingness to support Matilda's father at this time, and of standing unfriendliness with France, he was especially ready to punish the state in which successive popes had found refuge and support when driven from Italy by his successes. The policy of an attack on Louis was not popular with the German princes, and the army with which the Emperor crossed the border was not a large one...The news of the army advancing against them did not increase the ardour of the German forces; and hearing of an insurrection in Worms, the Emperor turned back, having accomplished nothing more than to secure a free hand for Henry of England against the Norman rebels."
p175: "In thespring of 1125 also occurred an event which again changed the direction of Henry's plans. On may 23, the emperor Henry V died, without children by his marriage to Matilda. The widowed Empress, as she was henceforth called by the English thoughshe had never received the imperial crown, obeyed her father's summons to return to him in Normandy with great reluctance..."

Europe in the Middle Ages, Robert S Hoyt, 1957, Harcourt Brace & Co, p622: "Henry V (Roman), mar Matilda (1), died 1125."

Wall Chart of World History, Edward Hull, 1988, Studio Editions, Germany 1106: "Henry V, King of Germany 1106-1125, Son of Henry IV, Married Maud Daughter of Henry I of England..."

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1981, Micropaedia, Vol VI, p690, Matilda:
"...The only daughter of King Henry I of England (ruled 1100-1135), Matilda was married to the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V in 1114. He died in 1125, and three years later she was married to Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. Although Henry I had designated Matilda as he heir, upon his death (Dec 1135) a sudden coup d'etat brought Stephen to the English throne..."
Vol II, p397, David I: "...David recognized his niece, the Holy Roman empress Matilda (died 1167), as heir toHenry I in England, and from 1136 he fought for her against King Stephen (crowned as Henry's successor in Dec 1135)...

Macropaedia, Vol VIII, p763, Henry I of England:
"...Henry married his daughter Matilda (also called Maud) to EmperorHenry V of Germany and groomed his only legitimate son, William, as his successor...
"The settlement was shattered in November 1120, when Henry's son perished in a shipwreck of the `White Ship', destroying Henry's succession plans. After Queen Matilda's death in 1118, he married Adelaide of Louvain in 1121, but this union proved childless. On Emperor Henry V's death in 1125, Henry summoned the empress Matilda back to England and made his barons do homage to her as his heir...
Vol VIII, p762, Henry V, Emperor: "German king and Holy Roman emperor, last of the Salian dynasty, Henry V settled the controversy between the German kings and the papacy over the right to invest bishops with their offices begun by his father, Henry IV.
"He was born in Utrecht on November 8, 1086, the second son of Henry IV and his first wife, Bertha of Turin. After his father became emperor, Henry's elder brother, Conrad, was elected German king; Henry succeeded him after Conradhad rebelled unsuccessfully against his father, being crowned on January 6, 1099. In 1104, in the conflict between the papacy and his father, he sided with the Bavarians and Saxons against his father. As a promoter of church reform willing tocompromise with the papacy, he had the support of the church. He took his father prisoner and forced him to abdicate (31 Dec 1105) but was not cerain of his throne until his father's death on 7 Aug 1106...Henry consolidated his rule in Germany.Campaigns against Hungary (1108) and Poland (1109) failed, but Henry reasserted German lordship over Bohemia in 1110. In 1110 he became betrothed to Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, marrying her in 1114.
"An understanding with thePope in the controversy over investiture was essential to Henry. The church possessed not only spiritual rights but sucular rights as well. Henry journeyed to Rome in 1110 and again demanded the right of investiture. The Pope was willing to command the German churches to give back all lands and rights received from the crown if Henry would renounce the right to investiture, a bargain that was acceptable to Henry but not to the German bishops and princes. Henry then imprisoned the Pope, forcing him to grant the right of investiture. On April 13, 1111, the Pope crowned him emperor in St. Peter's. In the satisfaction that he had achieved what Henry IV had not, he arranged a memeorial ceremony for his father in Speyer on August 7, 1111...
"Henry's subsequent struggle with the princes and especially, with Lothair was without success. At the same time he became involved in the conflict between the English and the French. The death of the successor to the English throne had made Matilda, Henry's wife, the heiress and created the prospect of a German-English empire. Henry therefore supported his father-in-law in his conflict with France but could achieve nothing militarily. He died of cancer at Utrecht,in the Netherlands, on May 23, 1125, and was buried in Speyer Cathedral. Henry was childless. His successor was his former enemy Lothair III, Duke of Saxony, who was elected King largely throught the efforts of the church.
"As a ruler, Henry V showed political skill, but his reach exceeded his grasp. He had detroned his father by allying himself sith the princes and presenting himself as a champion of the church's rights. Once in power, he took up his father's cause but was unable to force the church to grant him his demands. The settlement of 1122, which secured the Kings's influence over the German church, was brought about mainly by the German princes. By intervening in the conflict between theKing and the churchthey won a victory for themselves against the King, a fact that dominated the subsequent history of Germany."

ANCESTRAL FILE
Ancestral File Ver 4.10 9FTJ-CV Heinrich V GERMANY Emperor.

   Marriage Information:

Henry married Empress Matilda England GERMANY, daughter of King Henry ENGLAND, I and Queen Matilda Edith Scotland ENGLAND, on 7 Jan 1114 in Mainz, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia, Germany. (Empress Matilda England GERMANY was born before 5 Aug 1102 in London, Middlesex, England, died about 10 Sep 1167-1169 in Notre Dame, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France and was buried in Bec Abbey, Le Bec-Hellouin, Eure, France.)